RESPIRATION
· Definition : a process in breaking of glucose ( food ) with the presence of oxygen to produce energy / oxidation of food process.
· During respiration, humans obtain oxygen which at the same time remove carbon dioxide and water vapour through the respiratory system.
· Oxygen is obtains through breathing.
HUMAN BREATHING MECHANISM
STRUCTURE | FUNCTION |
NASAL CAVITY | Air entering from the nostrils is led to the nasal cavity |
TRACHEA | An airway through which respiratory air travels. The rings of cartilage within its walls keep the trachea open. |
BRONCHUS | Passage divided from trachea [ singular = bronchus, plural = bronchi ] |
BRONCHIOLE | A narrow tube inside the lungs that branches off the main air passages bronchi |
ALVEOLUS | Place where exchange of gases take place |
RIB CAGE | To protect the lungs and help in breathing mechanism |
LUNG | A respiratory organ |
INTERCOSTAL MUSCLES | Antagonistic muscles that help the movement of rib cage for breathing mechanism |
DIAPHRAGM | A muscular membrane that separates the thoracic cavity and the abdominal cavity |
BREATHING MECHANISM
INHALATION = a process when air is force into the lungs | EXHALATION = a process when air is force out of the lungs | ||
External intercostal muscle contract, while internal intercostal muscle relax | Intercostal muscle | External intercostal muscle relax, while internal intercostal muscle contract | |
Moves upwards and outwards | Rib cage | Move downwards and inwards | |
Contract and become flat | Diaphragm | Relax and become “dome” shape | |
Volume increase | Thoracic cavity | Volume decrease | |
Decrease | Air pressure in the lung | Increase | |
Air from outside enters the lungs | Air movement | Air is force out of the lungs | |
**** You just need to memorize 1 process because the other part is just the OPPOSITE
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